Cashless payment - what is it? System of non-cash payments. Non-cash circulation and settlements In non-cash form

More and more businesses and individuals are choosing a virtual form of payment for themselves. The fact is that it is not a low-cost option and is produced much faster, regardless of the time and day of the week. Payment by bank transfer is very convenient and practically not limited by regulatory documents. Therefore, it gradually replaces the usual cash payment. More details are provided below.

What is cashless?

The form of non-cash payment is the movement of funds on the accounts of customers of banking or credit organizations in electronic form. Any payment for goods by bank transfer is carried out only through specialized organizations that have licenses to perform banking operations.

Non-cash is available to absolutely all persons, regardless of the form of their activity. As a rule, at the end of the working day, account holders are provided with a statement of their cash flow activity for the day, which allows them to control all operations. But if necessary, such an extract can be requested from a credit institution at any time.

Adjustment of non-cash payments

Payment by bank transfer is subject to only three regulatory documents that fully control their implementation. The main one is the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, in Chapter 46 of which all the basic requirements for permitted non-cash forms of money circulation are described.

• regulation on the issue of payment cards;
• regulation on the rules for money transfers.

The first document was approved by the Central Bank on December 24, 2004 and reveals the procedure for legal acquiring. This concept defines the usual for many ordinary citizens non-cash payment for services or goods.

The second document was approved only on June 19, 2012 by the Bank of Russia and contains all the necessary detailed descriptions of possible forms of non-cash payments and requirements for them. Everything contained in the provision fully complies with the norms of the Civil Code.

Any non-cash payment must be carried out in strict accordance with all the listed regulatory documents, but such control is not an obstacle to the growing popularity of non-cash money circulation among the entire population.

Benefits of cashless payments

First of all, payment by bank transfer requires minimal documents, in comparison with the usual cash payment between organizations. Many companies choose this form of payment, because it makes it possible to avoid large fines due to an error in the execution of cash discipline and the use of cash registers.

Large organizations are also increasingly billing their customers for cashless payments, instead of taking cash from them. This allows companies to significantly save money, since servicing such operations is much cheaper.

The obvious benefit of such calculations for ordinary citizens is the convenience of conducting operations. The fact is that they can be carried out simply by having a payment bank card and the ability to access the Internet, and commissions for money transfers between accounts are not always charged or amount to minimal losses.

The benefit of such virtual settlements is also for the state, because it allows you to constantly monitor all cash flows in real time. In addition, a decrease in the turnover of live money supply reduces the possibility of inflation in the country.

In general, the advantages of cashless payments are clearly visible for everyone, and most importantly, they can be carried out at any time of the day, on any day of the week, and completely regardless of the geography of the transfer.

Types of non-cash settlements for individuals

It may seem to ordinary citizens that non-cash payments are only transfers between accounts, but in fact there are 6 types of them. Most are available only to legal entities and organizations and are controlled by the same regulatory documents.

The most common and accessible form of payment for civilians is in the form of an electronic transfer. It represents the transfer of funds from the payer's personal bank account to the recipient's account through a banking operator. The recipient can be an individual or an organization, the main thing is that such a right should be described in the agreement between the account holder and the bank. The payer can only be a private person.

Another form of payment, which, like the previous one, is regulated by the law "On the National Payment System" is direct debit. It is a debit from the account of the owner of funds at the request of their recipient, but only if this is permitted by the agreement between the account owner and the credit institution. Most often, such payments are mandatory commissions for servicing a bank card or account.

The most common form

IP payment by bank transfer is most often carried out by means of a payment order. Even individuals who do not have a current account with a credit institution can use this form. Payment is the preparation and transfer to the bank of a certain document - an order that describes in detail the amount, the recipient and the period in which the transfer must be made. All this is done at the expense of the payer.

The validity period of the order is officially 10 days, not taking into account the moment of submission of the document, but in practice everything happens much faster. Only incorrect execution of the order can slow down the receipt of funds.

The most protected form

The most secure form of non-cash payment is considered to be payment by letter of credit. It is an inconvenience for the payer, since it requires a separate opening of a letter of credit, even if this bank already has a current account, but all this is for the sake of security.

The payer must transfer a certain amount for goods or services to an open account and oblige the bank to pay them to the recipient only if certain conditions are met. That is, until the recipient gives the credit institution confirmation that he has fully fulfilled his obligations in the transaction, he will not receive the money. The bank in this case acts as a third party not interested and guarantees the legitimacy of the operation.

Cash-non-cash payment

Conventionally, cash-clearing payment determines settlements through check books, since after debiting funds from the check drawer's account, it may involve issuing them in cash or transferring them to a bank account. This form of payment is more common in Europe and the USA and is carried out only upon confirmation of the identity of the bearer of the check and receipt of information about the availability of an amount sufficient for the transfer on the account of the drawer, and, of course, after confirming the authenticity of the check.

Another form of non-cash payment is a transfer by collection or collection order. It is performed only when the recipient of funds provides the bank with confirmation of the account holder's monetary obligations to him. In fact, this is debt collection and it occurs even without timely notification of the account holder. As a rule, the debtor learns about the withdrawal after the transfer is made.

What is non-cash based on?

First of all, all non-cash payments must be carried out in accordance with the law and regulations. In addition to the general rules, each credit institution is obliged to act only within the framework of the current agreement between the bank and the account holder. Going beyond the scope of the drafted document is allowed only when signing a new agreement. In addition, the bank has no right to influence the choice of the form of payment for the participants in the transaction.

Any issued invoice for non-cash payment, a sample of which can be obtained directly from a credit institution, must be supported by a sufficient amount of funds in the payer's account. In addition, money transfer operations must be carried out within the specified period, otherwise sanctions or fines may be imposed on the culprit. And, of course, each account holder has the right of acceptance, which means that even the state is prohibited from debiting money from the account without prior notice.

Varieties of accounts

Any non-cash payment is allowed only if you have a bank account with the required amount on it. The only exception is payment by means of a payment order, which is permitted by law and can be carried out even in the absence of a bank account, but only by individuals. To conduct business, you must have a bank account.

There are several varieties of them:

Funds control

For individuals, accounting for the movement of funds in the account allows you to keep bank statements, for organizations it is more and more difficult. They use books of income and expenses, in which they enter data on payment orders, collection transactions, memorial warrants, and so on. Analytics of special accounts is carried out using statements of letters of credit, deposits, check transactions and other forms of payment.

About how to issue an invoice for payment by bank transfer to the account holder, they should tell the bank in detail, as well as inform about possible fines. They are imposed both on the credit institutions themselves and on paying agents if they have not fulfilled their obligations on time.

2.3. The procedure for the transfer of funds in the Russian Federation

Currently, in the Russian Federation, the procedure for transferring funds is regulated by Bank of Russia Regulation No. 383-P “On the Rules for Transferring Funds”.

The transfer of funds is carried out within the framework of the following forms of cashless payments(see fig. 2.3.1.):

Rice. 2.3.1. Forms of non-cash payments.

Forms of non-cash payments are chosen by bank customers independently and may be provided for by agreements concluded by them with their counterparties.

Bank customers draw up funds transfer orders, on the basis of which funds are transferred. The Bank of Russia used the general term “instructions” to designate all documents on the basis of which credit institutions carry out money transfers. Regulation No. 383-P establishes detailed descriptions and characteristics of the following orders:

- payment order;

- collection order;

– payment request;

- payment order.

The listed forms of orders are used in all forms of non-cash payments. In addition to the four indicated forms of orders, other types of orders may be used in banking practice, for which the Regulations do not establish a list of details and forms. If a credit institution uses “non-standard” orders in its activities, then their forms, details and the procedure for working with them must be approved by the internal documents of the credit institution.

TO settlement (payment) documents, in addition to orders for the transfer of funds, bank warrants also apply.

According to the Bank of Russia, in January-September 2013, 3,242.9 million units were used in Russia. payment documents in the amount of 321,333.4 million rubles, of which 97.2% are payment orders, 0.6% are payment requests and collection orders, 0.0% are checks, and about 2% are bank orders.

Orders can be drawn up both in electronic form (including using electronic means of payment) and on paper. On the basis of the order of the payer, the bank of the payer may draw up an order and carry out a one-time and periodic transfer of funds.

In the money transfer scheme drafters of orders transfer of funds can be:

- payers;

- recipients of funds;

– collectors of funds (i.e. persons or bodies entitled, on the basis of the law, to present orders to the bank accounts of payers);

Legal entities, individual entrepreneurs, individuals, banks act as payers and recipients of funds.

Credit institutions transfer funds in rubles to the bank accounts of their customers, as well as without opening bank accounts on the basis of transfer orders. Banks transfer funds through bank accounts through:

- writing off funds from the bank accounts of payers and crediting funds to the bank accounts of recipients of funds;

- write-offs of funds from the bank accounts of payers and the issuance of cash to recipients of funds - individuals;

- writing off funds from the bank accounts of payers and increasing the balance of electronic funds of recipients of funds.

– Credit institutions transfer funds without opening bank accounts, including using electronic means of payment, through:

- acceptance of cash, instructions of the payer - an individual and crediting of funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds;

- acceptance of cash, instructions of the payer - an individual and the issuance of cash to the recipient of funds - an individual;

- acceptance of cash, instructions of the payer - an individual and increase in the balance of electronic funds of the recipient of funds;

- reducing the balance of the payer's electronic money and crediting funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds;

- reducing the balance of the payer's electronic money and issuing cash to the recipient of funds - an individual;

– decrease in the balance of the payer's electronic money and increase in the balance of the recipient's electronic money.

Let us consider in more detail the forms of non-cash payments.

1. Settlements by payment orders. When making payments by payment orders, the payer's bank undertakes to transfer funds to the payer's bank account or without opening the payer's bank account (for an individual) to the recipient of funds specified in the payer's order.

Schematically, settlements by payment orders can be depicted as follows (see Fig. 2.3.2. and 2.3.3.).

Rice. 2.3.2. Scheme of settlements by payment orders on the bank account of the payer.

Based on the requirements of the regulator arising from Regulation No. 383-P, it is possible to determine when a credit institution uses a settlement (payment) document in the form of a payment order.

Rice. 2.3.3. Scheme of settlements by payment orders without opening a bank account of the payer.

First, legal entities and individuals can give orders to write off funds from their bank accounts, including the transfer of funds from a deposit account. An order can be drawn up for a total amount with a register that includes orders from one priority group on the transfer of funds to several recipients.

Secondly, legal entities can give instructions to make settlements without opening an account, including using electronic payment tools, to transfer electronic funds from a client's bank account to a bank account. Otherwise, a legal entity may submit an electronic order for the transfer of funds, including by means of an electronic money transfer, on the basis of which the bank will draw up a settlement document - a payment order.

In a similar manner, an individual payer gives an order to transfer funds without opening a bank account, which can be drawn up in the form of an application. The form of the instruction to transfer funds without opening a bank account of the payer-individual on paper is established by the credit institution or the recipients of funds in agreement with the bank. It must contain the details of the payer, recipient of funds, banks, the amount of the transfer, the purpose of the payment, and other information as agreed with the bank. Based on the order of the payer-individual, provided in electronic form or on paper, the credit institution draws up a settlement document - a payment order and makes settlements. Based on the instructions of individual payers, a credit institution may draw up a payment order for the total amount and send it to the recipient bank of the register or instructions of individual payers.

Thirdly, the bank itself can act as a payer or recipient of funds. He has the right to independently develop a form of order, on the basis of which a payment order will be drawn up, except for the case when the payer is the bank itself, and the recipient is the bank's client. Then the transfer of funds to the bank account of the client-recipient of funds is carried out by the bank on the basis of a settlement document drawn up by it - a bank order. If the payer is a bank, the transfer of funds to the bank account of the client - recipient of funds can be carried out by the bank on the basis of a bank order drawn up by it.

A payment order as a settlement document performs the function of an order or a settlement document drawn up on the basis of an order for non-cash settlements by payment orders, settlements under a letter of credit, settlements in the form of electronic money transfers.

Note that the payment order is valid for submission to the bank within 10 calendar days from the date of its preparation.

2. Settlements under a letter of credit. When settling under a letter of credit, a bank acting on the order of the payer to open a letter of credit and in accordance with its instructions undertakes to transfer funds to the recipient of funds, provided that the recipient of the funds submits the documents stipulated by the letter of credit and confirming the fulfillment of its other conditions, or authorizes another bank to execute letter of credit.

Thus, the following features of the letter of credit form of payment can be distinguished:

- the recipient of funds, before receiving the money, must fulfill the conditions stipulated by the letter of credit, for example, he must first ship the goods and provide documents confirming the shipment to his bank;

- the recipient of funds before the fulfillment of his part of the contract (for example, before the shipment of the goods) knows that the money for him is deposited with the buyer or there is a bank guarantee in case the buyer fails to fulfill its obligations to transfer funds;

- on the part of the payer, an important condition is the fact that the delivered goods will be of proper quality, in the agreed volume and assortment (for this, it is necessary to indicate in the terms of the letter of credit that the seller must submit certain documents to the bank confirming the quality, quantity and assortment of goods).

The bank acting on the order of the payer to open a letter of credit is called the issuing bank. The executing bank may be the payer's bank, the beneficiary's bank or another bank. The issuing bank has the right to open a letter of credit on its own behalf and at its own expense. In this case, the issuing bank is the payer.

Details and form (on paper) of the letter of credit are established by the bank. The letter of credit must contain the following mandatory information:

– number and date of the letter of credit;

- the amount of the letter of credit;

- details of the payer;

- details of the issuing bank;

- details of the recipient of funds;

– details of the executing bank;

- type of letter of credit;

– validity period of the letter of credit;

– method of execution of the letter of credit;

- a list of documents to be submitted by the recipient of funds, and requirements for the submitted documents;

- purpose of payment;

- deadline for submission of documents;

– the need for confirmation (if any);

- the procedure for paying bank commissions.

The letter of credit may contain other information.

In Russia, the following can be used types of letters of credit.

Covered (deposited) letter of credit. This form of letter of credit is the most common, it provides that the buyer opens an account with a bank (issuing bank) and deposits funds into it in the amount necessary to pay for the letter of credit (or takes them from this bank on credit against collateral). The issuing bank transfers these funds to the correspondent account of the executing bank. When the time comes for the execution of the letter of credit, the executing bank transfers the funds in its correspondent account to the seller's account (see Fig. 2.3.4.).

Rice. 2.3.4. Settlement scheme for a deposited letter of credit.

The executing bank communicates the terms of the letter of credit received from the issuing bank to the recipient of funds. The transfer of funds to the executing bank as coverage for a covered (deposited) letter of credit is carried out by a payment order of the issuing bank indicating information that allows the establishment of a letter of credit, including the date and number of the letter of credit. The recipient of funds can submit documents directly to the issuing bank. Under a covered (deposited) letter of credit, the issuing bank is obliged to request confirmation from the nominated bank that the recipient of funds did not submit documents to the nominated bank, and has the right to demand that the nominated bank return the coverage amount based on a request confirming the submission of documents by the recipient of funds to the issuing bank, and in the case of a confirmed letter of credit, also the execution of the letter of credit by the issuing bank. In this case, the executing bank shall return the coverage amount no later than the business day following the day of receipt of the issuing bank's request. The execution of the letter of credit is carried out by transferring funds by payment order of the executing bank to the bank account of the recipient of funds or by crediting the appropriate amount to the bank account of the recipient of funds in the executing bank. After the execution of the letter of credit, the executing bank sends to the issuing bank a notice of the execution of the letter of credit indicating the amount of execution and attaching the submitted documents no later than three working days after the date of execution of the letter of credit. When it is established that the documents accepted by the executing bank from the recipient of funds do not conform to the terms of the letter of credit, the issuing bank has the right to demand from the executing bank the return of the amounts paid to the recipient of funds at the expense of the coverage transferred to the executing bank (under the covered (deposited) letter of credit), reimbursement of the amounts debited from the correspondent account opened with the executing bank, or refuse to reimburse the executing bank for the amounts paid to the recipient of funds (under an uncovered (guaranteed) letter of credit). When closing a covered (deposited) letter of credit, the return of unused funds to the issuing bank is carried out by a payment order of the executing bank no later than the business day following the day the letter of credit is closed.

Uncovered (guaranteed) letter of credit. The parties may agree to use an uncovered letter of credit. In this case, the issuing bank does not transfer funds to the executing bank, but when the time comes for the execution of the letter of credit, the executing bank writes off the required amount from the account of the issuing bank opened with it to the seller's settlement account. In this case, the buyer's bank guarantees payment to the seller's bank. In turn, the buyer must guarantee payment to the bank by providing security. The advantage of this form of letter of credit for the buyer is that in order to open a letter of credit, it is not required to withdraw own funds from circulation (see Fig. 2.3.5.)

Rice. 2.3.5. Guaranteed letter of credit settlement scheme.

When executing an uncovered (guaranteed) letter of credit, the executing bank has the right not to execute the letter of credit until funds are received from the issuing bank, except for the case of confirmation of the letter of credit by the confirming bank.

irrevocable the letter of credit cannot be canceled at the unilateral application of the buyer without the consent of the seller. Most letters of credit are irrevocable as this ensures the interests of the supplier. The consent of the recipient of funds to change the terms of an irrevocable letter of credit may be expressed by submitting documents corresponding to the amended terms of the letter of credit. The terms of an irrevocable letter of credit are changed or an irrevocable letter of credit is canceled from the day following the day the executing bank receives the application of the recipient of funds with his consent, of which the executing bank notifies the issuing bank no later than three working days from the day the application of the recipient of funds is received.

However, it must be taken into account that if it is not expressly stated that the letter of credit is irrevocable, then it is considered revocable. When executing a revocable letter of credit, the executing bank executes the letter of credit in the full amount and on the current terms of the letter of credit if, before the submission of documents, the recipient of funds did not receive notice from the issuing bank about the cancellation of the letter of credit or changes in other conditions of the letter of credit, in terms of the amount of the letter of credit - upon receipt from the issuing bank notice of reduction in the amount of the letter of credit.

When establishing the compliance of the submitted documents with the terms of the letter of credit, the executing bank executes the letter of credit. The execution of a letter of credit can be carried out by the bank in the following ways:

- immediately upon submission of documents no later than three business days from the date the bank makes a decision on the compliance of the documents submitted by the recipient of the funds with the terms of the letter of credit, but no later than three business days after the expiration of the five-day period established for verification of the submitted documents;

- with a delay in execution on a date (dates) determined by the terms of the letter of credit or a fixed period, starting from the date of certain actions, including the submission of documents, shipment of goods;

– in any other way provided for by the terms of the letter of credit.

When it is established that the submitted documents do not comply with the terms of the letter of credit on external signs, the executing bank has the right to refuse to execute the letter of credit, notifying the recipient of funds and the issuing bank, motivating the refusal. The executing bank may first request the issuing bank for consent to accept the submitted documents with discrepancies. In this case, the documents are stored in the executing bank until a response from the issuing bank is received. If the payer gives the issuing bank consent to accept the submitted documents with discrepancies, the issuing bank has the right to give its consent to the executing bank to execute the letter of credit. If the payer refuses to accept documents with discrepancies, the issuing bank is obliged to notify the executing bank of this, indicating in the notification all discrepancies that are the reason for the refusal.

3. Settlements by collection orders. Collection orders apply:

- in case of collection settlements in cases stipulated by the contract;

- when making settlements on orders of creditors of funds.

The recipient of funds may be a bank, including the payer's bank.

The collection order is drawn up, presented, accepted for execution and executed in electronic form, on paper.

The use of collection orders in settlements for collection is carried out, firstly, if there is a condition in the bank account agreement between the payer and his bank on debiting funds from the bank account, and secondly, the payer submits to the payer's bank information about the recipient of funds who has the right to present collection orders to the bank account of the payer.

The right to submit collection orders to the payer's bank account can be confirmed by the recipient of funds by submitting relevant documents to the payer's bank.

If the recipient of funds is the payer's bank, the condition for debiting funds from the payer's bank account may be provided for by the bank account agreement on the basis of a bank order drawn up by the bank.

The payment scheme for collection orders is shown in Figure 2.3.6.

Rice. 2.3.6. Settlement scheme by collection orders.

The collection order of the recoverer of funds may be presented to the payer's bank through the bank of the recipient of funds. The beneficiary's bank, which has accepted the collection order for the purpose of collecting funds, is obliged to present the collection order to the payer's bank.

A collection order presented through the recipient's bank is valid for presentation to the recipient's bank within 10 calendar days from the date of its preparation.

4. Settlements by checks. This, practically not used today, form of payment in Regulation No. 383-P is given several paragraphs, indicating that a bank that wants to work with them can develop internal rules. The check may contain details determined by the credit institution; the form of the check is established by the credit institution; the credit institution is obliged to verify the authenticity of the check, as well as that the bearer of the check is a person authorized by it; checks of credit institutions are used when transferring funds, except for the transfer of funds by the Bank of Russia. The calculation scheme is shown in Figure 2.3.7.

Note that the check serves as an order, but not a settlement (payment) document. Based on the check presented for payment, the credit institution must form its settlement (payment order) or cash (cash order) document, thereby substantiating the movement of funds.

Rice. 2.3.7. Payments by checks.

5. Settlements in the form of transfer of funds at the request of the recipient of funds (direct debit). When making non-cash payments in the form of transfer of funds at the request of the recipient of funds, a payment request is mainly applied.

If the recipient of funds is a bank (for example, in the case when direct debiting is used to repay the debt of the borrower on a loan in his bank), the debiting of funds from the bank account of the client-payer, if there is a pre-given acceptance of the payer, can be carried out by the bank in accordance with the bank account agreement on the basis of bank order drawn up by the bank (see Fig. 2.3.8.)

The payment request is drawn up, presented, accepted for execution and executed in electronic form, on paper.

A payment request may be submitted to the payer's bank through the beneficiary's bank.

A payment request submitted through the beneficiary's bank is valid for submission to the beneficiary's bank within 10 calendar days from the date of its preparation.

Rice. 2.3.8. Settlements in the form of transfer of funds at the request of the recipient of funds.

6. Electronic money transfers. This form of non-cash payments is regulated by the Federal Law of June 27, 2011 No. 161-FZ “On the National Payment System”.

Banks can make transfers that include various conversions of electronic money into traditional (cash, non-cash) money and vice versa, including:

– money transfers through bank accounts;

– money transfers without opening bank accounts.

In the first case, transfers are made by writing off funds from the bank accounts of payers and increasing the balance of electronic money (EMF) of the recipients of funds.

In the second case - when making transfers without opening bank accounts (with the sender of the payment) - the following options are possible:

a) acceptance of cash, instructions of the payer - an individual and increase in the balance of the recipient's EMF;

b) decrease in the balance of the payer's EMF and crediting of funds to the bank account of the recipient of funds;

c) reducing the balance of the payer's EMF and issuing cash to the recipient of funds - an individual;

d) decrease in the balance of the payer's EMF and increase in the balance of the payee's EMF.

Note that in accordance with Federal Law No. 161-FZ, a bank that makes electronic money transfers is called electronic money operator.

When making non-cash payments in the form of an electronic money transfer, the client provides funds to the electronic money operator on the basis of an agreement concluded with him.

Note that the electronic money operator is not entitled to provide the client with funds to increase the client's electronic money balance. The electronic money operator is not entitled to accrue interest on the client's electronic money balance.

The transfer of electronic money is carried out by simultaneously accepting the client's order by the electronic money operator, reducing the payer's electronic money balance and increasing the recipient's electronic money balance by the amount of the electronic money transfer.

Consider further procedures for acceptance for execution, revocation, return (cancellation) of orders and the procedure for their execution. The procedure for performing such procedures is established by credit institutions and communicated to customers, claimants, credit institutions in contracts, documents explaining the procedure for performing procedures for accepting orders for execution, as well as by posting information at customer service points.

Procedures for accepting orders for execution include:

1) certification of the right to dispose of funds (certification of the right to use an electronic means of payment);

2) control of the integrity of orders;

3) structural control of orders;

4) control of values ​​of details of orders;

5) control of the sufficiency of funds.

Let's explore each of these steps in more detail.

1) Certification of the right to dispose of funds when accepting for execution an order in electronic form, it is carried out by the bank by checking the electronic signature, an analogue of a handwritten signature and (or) codes, passwords. Certification of the right to dispose of funds upon acceptance for execution of an instruction on paper is carried out by the bank by checking the presence and compliance of the handwritten signature and seal imprint with the samples declared to the bank in the signature and seal sample card. When accepting for execution an order of an individual to transfer funds without opening a bank account on paper, the credit institution checks for the presence of a handwritten signature. Certification of the right to use an electronic means of payment is carried out by a credit institution by checking the number, code and (or) other identifier of the electronic means of payment.

2) Control of the integrity of the order in electronic form is carried out by the bank by checking the invariance of the details of the order. The control of the integrity of the order on paper is carried out by the bank by checking the absence of changes (corrections) made in the order. Registration of orders in electronic form, on paper, is carried out in the manner established by the bank, indicating the date of receipt of the order, while the orders of the collectors of funds are subject to mandatory registration.

3) Structural control of disposition in electronic form is carried out by the bank by checking the established details and the maximum number of characters in the details of the order. Structural control of the instruction on paper is carried out by the bank by checking the compliance of the instruction with the established form.

4) Controlling the values ​​of order details is carried out by checking the values ​​of the details of the orders, their admissibility and compliance. Upon receipt of the order of the payer requiring the consent of a third party to dispose of the payer's funds, the payer's bank monitors the presence of the consent of the third party in the manner prescribed by law and the contract. The consent of a third party to the disposal of the payer's funds may be given in electronic form or on paper in the manner prescribed by the agreement.

Upon receipt of the order of the recipient of funds requiring acceptance the payer's bank, the payer's bank monitors the presence of the payer's pre-given acceptance or, in the absence of the payer's pre-given acceptance, receives the payer's acceptance.

The payer's advance acceptance may be given in an agreement between the payer's bank and the payer and (or) in the form of a separate message or document, including a statement of advance acceptance. In advance, this acceptance must be given before the presentation of the order of the recipient of funds. This acceptance may be given in advance in respect of one or more bank accounts of the payer, one or more recipients of funds, one or more instructions of the recipient of funds.

The payer's acceptance is received by the payer's bank by transmitting the order of the recipient of funds or a notification in electronic form or on paper for acceptance to the payer and receiving acceptance (refusal of acceptance) of the payer with drawing up an application for acceptance (refusal of acceptance) of the payer. The orders of the recipients of funds are placed in the queue of orders pending acceptance.

5) Control of the sufficiency of funds in the bank account of the payer is carried out by the payer's bank upon acceptance for execution of each order repeatedly or once in the manner established by the bank. If there are sufficient funds on the bank account of the payer, the instructions are subject to execution in the sequence of receipt of instructions by the bank, receipt of acceptance from the payer. In case of insufficient funds on the payer's bank account, the instructions are not accepted by the bank for execution and are returned (cancelled), except for:

- instructions on the transfer of funds to the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation;

– orders of creditors of funds;

– orders accepted by the bank for execution or presented by the bank in accordance with the agreement.

The specified orders accepted for execution are placed by the bank in the queue of orders not executed on time for the execution of orders on time and in the order of priority for debiting funds from a bank account, which are established by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. If the funds on the account are not enough to satisfy all the claims against it, the funds are debited in the following order (see Fig. 2.3.9.).

The sufficiency of funds under the instructions accepted for execution for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account is determined by the credit institution based on the amount of funds provided by the client.

When carrying out transactions using electronic means of payment, the credit institution of the recipient of funds, in the cases provided for by the agreement, receives the consent of the credit institution of the payer to carry out the transaction using the electronic means of payment. This process is referred to as - authorization. In the event of a positive result of the authorization, the payer's credit institution is obliged to provide funds to the recipient's credit institution in the manner prescribed by the agreement.

In case of a positive result of the procedures for accepting an order for execution in electronic form, the bank accepts the order for execution and sends an electronic notification to the sender of the order about acceptance of the order for execution. If an order is placed in the queue of orders not executed on time in the order and in the notification in electronic form, the bank shall indicate the date of placing the order in the queue. In case of a positive result of the procedures for accepting for execution of an instruction on paper, the bank accepts the instruction for execution, confirms the acceptance of the instruction for execution by setting the date of acceptance for execution, the date of placing the instruction in the queue of instructions not executed on time, the stamp of the bank and the signature of the authorized person of the bank and returns to the sender of the order, a copy of the order in the manner and within the time period stipulated by the agreement, but no later than the business day following the day the order was received by the bank.

Rice. 2.3.9. The sequence of debiting funds in case of insufficiency of funds in the account.

In the event of a positive result of the procedures for accepting for execution of a paper-based instruction submitted for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account, the credit institution shall accept the instruction for execution and, immediately after completing the procedures for accepting the instruction for execution, provide the sender of the instruction with a copy of the instruction on paper or a credit card document. organization on paper, confirming the acceptance of the order for execution, with the date of receipt and the marks of the bank, including the signature of an authorized person of the bank.

In case of a negative result of the procedures for accepting an order for execution in electronic form, the bank does not accept the order for execution and sends the sender of the order an electronic notice of the cancellation of the order, indicating information that allows the sender of the order to identify the order being canceled, the date of its cancellation, as well as the reason for the cancellation, which may be indicated in the form of a code established by the bank and brought to the attention of the sender of the order. In case of a negative result of the procedures for accepting for execution an instruction on paper, transferred for the purpose of transferring funds to a bank account, the bank does not accept the instruction for execution and returns it to the sender of the instruction with the date of return, the bank's mark on the reason for the return, the bank's stamp and the signature of the authorized bank's person no later than the business day following the day the bank receives the instruction. In the event of a negative result of the procedures for accepting for execution of a hard copy instruction submitted for the purpose of transferring funds without opening a bank account, the credit institution shall not accept the instruction for execution and immediately after completing the procedures for accepting the instruction for execution shall return it to the sender of the instruction.

Cancellation of unexecuted orders is carried out by the bank no later than the business day following the day on which the grounds for the cancellation of the order arose, including the receipt of an application for withdrawal.

Order Execution Procedures include:

- execution of orders in the manner established by banks, by debiting funds from the payer's bank account, crediting funds to the recipient's bank account, dispensing cash to the recipient of funds, or recording information on electronic money transfers;

– partial execution of orders;

- confirmation of the execution of orders.

The order of execution procedures orders, including orders for a total amount with registers, is established by credit institutions and communicated to customers, claimants, credit institutions in contracts, documents explaining the procedure for fulfilling order execution procedures, as well as by posting information at customer service points.

The beneficiary's bank establishes the procedure for crediting funds to the beneficiary's bank account, while it is allowed to credit funds to the beneficiary's bank account using two details: the beneficiary's bank account number and other information about the beneficiary.

Partial execution of orders of payers, recipients of funds, including orders for which a partial acceptance of the payer, collectors of funds is given, is carried out by the bank payment order in electronic form or on paper.

A payment order drawn up by a bank for the purpose of partial execution of the order of the recipient of funds, according to which a partial acceptance of the payer was received, if there are insufficient funds on the payer's bank account, it is placed in the queue of orders not executed on time.

When maintaining a queue of orders not executed on time in electronic form, the bank shall ensure the possibility of providing information on the partial execution of the order.

Partial execution of the order of the payer (recipient of funds) in electronic form or on paper, transmitted for the purpose of transferring funds to a bank account, is confirmed in the manner established by the bank, by:

– sending a notice to the payer (recipient of funds) in electronic form indicating the details of the payment order or sending a payment order in electronic form indicating the date of execution;

– submission to the payer (recipient of funds) of a copy of the executed payment order on paper, indicating the date of execution, affixing the stamp of the bank and the signature of the authorized person of the bank.

The execution of an order in electronic form for the purpose of transferring funds through a bank account is confirmed:

- by the payer's bank by sending the payer an electronic notice of the debiting of funds from the payer's bank account indicating the details of the executed order or by sending the executed order in electronic form indicating the date of execution;

– by the beneficiary's bank by sending a notice to the beneficiary of funds on crediting funds to the beneficiary's bank account indicating the details of the executed order or by sending the executed order indicating the date of execution.

Execution of an instruction on paper in order to transfer funds through a bank account is confirmed:

– by the payer's bank by presenting to the payer a copy of the executed order on paper, indicating the date of execution, affixing the bank's stamp and signature of the authorized person of the bank. In this case, the stamp of the payer's bank may simultaneously confirm the acceptance for execution of an instruction on paper and its execution;

– by the beneficiary's bank by presenting to the beneficiary of funds a copy of the executed instruction on paper, indicating the date of execution, affixing the bank's stamp and signature of the authorized person of the bank.

Execution of the client's instruction when performing a transaction using an electronic means of payment is confirmed by the credit institution by sending to the client, in accordance with the procedure established by the agreement, a notice to the credit institution in electronic form or on paper, confirming the execution of the transaction using an electronic means of payment, which must indicate:

– name or other details of the credit institution;

– number, code and (or) other identifier of the electronic means of payment;

- type of operation;

- Date of operation;

- the amount of the transaction;

– the amount of the commission fee, if any;

– identifier of the device when it is used to carry out a transaction using an electronic means of payment.

A notice confirming the execution of a transaction using an electronic means of payment may contain additional information specified by the credit institution.

In conclusion, we note that, according to clause 1.8 of Regulation No. 383-P, credit institutions must approve internal documents containing:

- the procedure for drawing up orders;

– the procedure for performing the procedures for accepting for execution, revocation, return (cancellation) of orders;

- the procedure for the execution of orders;

– other provisions on the organization of activities of credit institutions for the transfer of funds.